Northern Cardinals are among the most beloved backyard birds in North America. With their brilliant red plumage (in males), melodic whistles, and year-round presence, they bring color and life to any outdoor space. The good news is that cardinals are not hard to attract if you understand their needs. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to make your backyard a welcoming haven for Northern Cardinals.
Understanding Northern Cardinals
Before attracting cardinals, it helps to know a bit about their behavior:
- Scientific name: Cardinalis cardinalis
- Range: Eastern and central United States, parts of Mexico, and southern Canada
- Diet: Seeds, fruits, insects
- Personality: Non-migratory, territorial, and shy but loyal to good feeding spots
Because cardinals stay in the same area year-round, once they find your backyard suitable, they’re likely to return again and again.
Provide the Right Bird Feed
Food is the most important factor in attracting Northern Cardinals.
Best Seeds for Cardinals
Cardinals have strong, thick beaks designed for cracking seeds. Their favorites include:
- Black oil sunflower seeds (top choice)
- Safflower seeds
- Cracked corn
- Sunflower hearts or chips
Avoid cheap seed mixes filled with milo or filler grains, as cardinals often ignore them.
Choose Cardinal-Friendly Feeders
Cardinals prefer feeders that allow them to sit comfortably while eating.
Ideal Feeder Types
- Platform feeders
- Hopper feeders
- Large perches or tray-style feeders
Avoid small tube feeders with tiny perches, which are better suited for finches rather than cardinals.
Offer Fresh Water Year-Round
Water is just as important as food.
How to Attract Cardinals with Water
- Install a birdbath with a shallow basin (2–3 inches deep)
- Keep water clean and fresh, changing it every few days
- Add a dripper or small fountain to attract attention
- In winter, use a heated birdbath to prevent freezing
Cardinals are ground and low-level birds, so ground-level birdbaths near shrubs work especially well.
Create Natural Shelter and Cover
Cardinals are shy and cautious birds. They prefer areas where they can quickly hide from predators.
Best Plants for Cardinals
- Dense shrubs (e.g., holly, juniper, boxwood)
- Native bushes and hedges
- Thorny or evergreen plants for year-round cover
Placing feeders near natural cover helps cardinals feel safe while feeding.
Plant Cardinal-Friendly Landscaping
Landscaping with native plants provides both food and shelter.
Plants That Attract Cardinals
- Dogwood
- Serviceberry
- Hawthorn
- Blackberry and raspberry bushes
- Sunflowers
These plants produce berries, seeds, or insects that cardinals naturally feed on.
Avoid Chemicals and Pesticides
Insects are a crucial protein source, especially during nesting season.
- Avoid pesticides and herbicides
- Let part of your yard grow naturally
- Healthy insect populations attract cardinals and support their young
A natural backyard ecosystem is far more appealing to birds.
Provide Nesting Opportunities
While cardinals usually build their own nests, your yard can encourage nesting.
How to Help Cardinals Nest
- Leave shrubs and small trees undisturbed in spring
- Avoid heavy pruning during nesting season
- Provide nesting materials like twigs, leaves, and grass clippings
Do not use traditional birdhouses cardinals prefer open nesting sites.
Be Patient and Consistent
Attracting cardinals doesn’t always happen overnight.
- Keep feeders stocked consistently
- Maintain clean feeders and baths
- Avoid sudden changes in feeder placement
Once cardinals trust your backyard, they often become regular visitors.
Enjoy Cardinals Responsibly
Observe cardinals from a distance and avoid startling them. Use binoculars or sit quietly nearby. Over time, you may notice pairs, juveniles, and even generations returning to your yard.
Conclusion
Attracting Northern Cardinals to your backyard is a rewarding experience that combines the right food, safe shelter, clean water, and a natural environment. By meeting their basic needs and creating a peaceful habitat, you can enjoy the beauty, song, and charm of these iconic birds all year long.
